Top Ten Pierids of Europe

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petesmith
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Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by petesmith »

OK. Here goes. We have had Blues, Coppers, Fritillaries and Skippers so far. All great categories.
But what about the Pierids? Do they tend to get less attention? Are some of us guilty of ignoring them, especially the very common ones?
This could prove interesting in terms of choices. There are plenty of species to choose from.
I have been working on my top ten for a couple of days, and think I am settled on these.
Here are numbers 10 down to 6:

Number 10 - Cleopatra
Cleopatra 2.jpg
Cleopatra (2).jpg
G.cleopatra

This is another butterfly that just tells you that you are abroad, somewhere warm in southern Europe. Although I have seen plenty in the south of France and in Spain, for me this butterfly really brings to mind Greece, where it is often extremely numerous, especially around hotel gardens.

Number 9 Green-striped White
Green-striped White (4).JPG
Green-striped White (3).JPG
E.belemia

It's the exotic underside that gets this species a top ten place. A fairly regular sight in southern Spain during my few trips out there.

Number 8 Black-veined White
Black-veined White 3.JPG
Black-veined White 2 (2).JPG
Black-veined White (2).JPG
Black-veined White mudpuddling.JPG
A.crataegi

I tend to see these in reasonable numbers in the alps of SE France, where they sometimes mud-puddle in groups, but the largest numbers I have seen have been in eastern France in Burgundy. Gorgeous when fresh, before they become almost translucent as they shed wing scales.

Number 7 Orange Tip
Orange Tip male 230417.JPG
Orange Tip female.JPG
orange tip unds.jpg
Orange Tip in cop 190417.JPG
A.cardamines

The humble and near ubiquitous Orange Tip is probably the most heart-warming sight every springtime as a welcome reminder that winter is finally over. They may be common, but they are certainly no less gorgeous for that!

Number 6 Mountain Clouded Yellow
mountain clouded yellow.JPG
Mountain Clouded Yellow (3).jpg
C.phicomone
It was a tough choice between this and the Moorland Clouded Yellow. I chose this one just because I only have one photograph of a Moorland! A beautiful high altitude Colias.

Top 5 to follow in a while, with a definite Spanish leaning, and what will probably come as a surprise number 1!
Go Jim...
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David M
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by David M »

Very nice, Pete. Pierids are an attractive family but are probably the most challenging from a photography perspective bar one or two exceptions.

Love that first Cleopatra shot. :)
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

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Number 5 Peak White
Peak White female.JPG
Peak White male (2).JPG
peak white male.jpg
peak white.jpg
P.callidice

A very attractive high altitude Pierid that I have seen on quite a few occasions, but I have yet to capture an image that I am happy with. These are very difficult to get close to, being in the habit of flying from peak to peak, rarely settling, and being difficult to approach on the rare occasion that they do sit still. A challenging butterfly!

Number 4 Desert Orange Tip
Desert Orange Tip male 4.JPG
Desert Orange Tip female.JPG
Desert Orange Tip male 5.JPG
C.evagore

A "must see" Pierid. These were photographed on the coast in South East Spain. Stunning butterflies. It was a great joy to see them flying around, and to watch females egg-laying. Not particularly easy to get close to once they are warmed up, but these individuals were, eventually, quite obliging.

Top 3 to follow shortly.
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David M
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by David M »

Very nice, Pete. I see you managed to locate a female Peak White - I have yet to find one.

Desert Orange Tip is another beauty. Sadly, my trip to Spain for this last month went by the wayside. It'll have to wait till 2021 now (virus permitting). :(
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by cecropia117 »

Pete

Is number 1 going to be a very rare southern spanish speciality by any chance?
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

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cecropia117 wrote: Thu May 14, 2020 5:00 pm Pete

Is number 1 going to be a very rare southern spanish speciality by any chance?
Bob - you may be surprised! The rarity you refer to will certainly be appearing, but not in first place.
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by petesmith »

Third place - Sooty Orange Tip
A family holiday in south-east Spain back in early April 2016 produced a few cracking life-ticks. We stayed in a villa in a remote village in the Sierra de Los Filabres, and the butterfly below was an unexpected bonus. A fellow Lincolnshire friend and enthusiast has a holiday home in the same village, and we were walking down one of the local Ramblas together one breezy afternoon when I spotted an "orange tip" at roost on a flower head. It was being buffeted by the wind, but the angular forewing edge had caught my attention.
Sooty Orange Tip underside.JPG
Z.eupheme
This butterfly was not going to open its wings under these weather conditions, but during a return visit to the same location the following day, two more Sooties were on the wing, allowing a few snatched shots:
Sooty Orange Tip.JPG
Sooty Orange Tip 2.JPG
This is a really handsome insect, and the largest of the European Orange Tips, noticeably so when on the wing. Quite localised and not particularly easy to find. Definitely worthy of 3rd place!
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

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Second place - Spanish Greenish Black-Tip
This is a heavyweight rarity, found in just two small and separate areas of Spain. I saw mine in the Hoya de Baza. It's quite easy to find the Hoya de Baza, but finding this butterfly in the extensive "badlands" requires either a very good degree of luck, or a little inside information. This area is a vast expanse of sparsely-vegetated hills interspersed with patches of agricultural land.
Hoya de Baza 2.JPG
The Spanish Greenish Black-Tip breeds at low density over large areas, making in an obligate hill-topper when it comes to mate location strategy. Certain hilltops are used year after year, and I am fortunate to have a good friend who knows of a most reliable site for this rarity.
Even so, the weather in the Hoya is notoriously fickle in spring, and you really need a good dose of sunshine to stand a chance of seeing this species.
Photographing it is another matter, as it is hard to approach, quite nervous on the occasions when it does actually settle.
I don't have a photograph that I am entirely happy with in terms of quality, but I am entirely happy to have seen bazae on a couple of occasions and experienced the thrill of the sight of one of Europe's rarest - the adrenaline rush when you see this feisty, small, richly yellow butterfly appear on a hilltop is quite something to experience, even more so the sight of three males dog-fighting together!
Spanish Greenish Black-Tip.JPG
Spanish Greenish Black-Tip 3.JPG
Spanish Greenish Black-Tip 2.JPG
E.bazae
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by petesmith »

David M wrote: Thu May 14, 2020 4:46 pm Very nice, Pete. I see you managed to locate a female Peak White - I have yet to find one.
Yes, that's a rather interesting point David. I think Roger has also mentioned that he had yet to photograph a female. I haven't seen many at all compared to males; I only managed this shot from quite a distance away, and yet if you have a look at Matt Rowling's website about 90% of his photographs are of females!
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by Medard »

Hi Pete I’ve fallen behind with my contribution to the Pierids magazine as my wife and I have been taking advantage of the fine weather and our get out of jail free pass and  returned to some of my old haunts as well as my local reserves.
Regrettably my offering will be rather limited, let’s see now .

Provence Orange-tip (Anthocharis euphenoides) A surprise find, I had been under the impression that a visit to the Var would be necessary to see this species,  location near Llo, Pyrenees, a rather flashy critter.
Provence Orange-tip (Anthocharis euphenoides) <br />Female
Provence Orange-tip (Anthocharis euphenoides)
Female
Provence Orange-tip (Anthocharis euphenoides)
Provence Orange-tip (Anthocharis euphenoides)
Provence Orange-tip (Anthocharis euphenoides)
Provence Orange-tip (Anthocharis euphenoides)

Bath White (Pontia daplidice) another exciting find, not in Bath but from the Pyrénées-Orientales where I first found it, since at  the Salses Fortress, Pyrénées-Orientales, and the Var, where I found them to be quite common.
Bath White (Pontia daplidice)
Bath White (Pontia daplidice)
Bath White (Pontia daplidice)
Bath White (Pontia daplidice)
Bath White (Pontia daplidice)
Bath White (Pontia daplidice)


(Western) Dappled White (Euchloe crameri) When I first saw Crameri I immediately thought, Oh just another female  Orange-tip (Anthocharis cardamines) but examining my photos closer I recognised that I had something different, since I am far more careful to check all similar butterflies for the unexpected, love the underside pattern the colours  and the snail, near Les Arcs, also at La Roquebrussanne, Var,France.
Attachments
(Western) Dappled White (Euchloe crameri)
(Western) Dappled White (Euchloe crameri)
(Western) Dappled White (Euchloe crameri)
(Western) Dappled White (Euchloe crameri)
(Western) Dappled White (Euchloe crameri)
(Western) Dappled White (Euchloe crameri)
(Western) Dappled White (Euchloe crameri)
(Western) Dappled White (Euchloe crameri)
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by petesmith »

First place - Canary Islands Large White
This may be an unexpected choice, but it is a no-brainer for me. The reasons are many. It is, without doubt, the rarest, most endangered species on my European tick list to date, only being found in any numbers now on the Canary Island of La Palma, with a small foothold still on Tenerife. Its main habitat on La Palma is the laurel forest, and it is this otherworldly place that plays the biggest part in making this my number one Pierid. The habitat has a wondrous, primeval other-wordly feel to it. It is humid, lush, and has unique smells and sounds which just transport you back in time and space. The vegetation is wonderful; the background sounds of the endemic pigeons with their distinctive cooing is soporific, and Pieris cheiranthi is just a splendid butterfly.
Completely different to our own Large White, both in appearance, with its hugely overstated black markings, but also in its behaviour. It flies lower and slower than brassicae and has a totally different "jizz". I am totally in love with this species!
Canary Island's Large White 2.jpg
Canary Island's Large White 1.JPG
Canary Island's Large White unds.jpg
Pieris cheiranthi male.JPG
P.cheiranthi
Los Tilos.JPG
View over the laurisilva at Los Tilos
cubo de la galga.JPG
Habitat of cheiranthi
P cheiranthi egglaying.JPG
P.cheiranthi egg-laying on Crambe strigosa
Pieris cheiranthi larva.JPG
P.cheiranthi larva
So there you have it. Maybe an unusual choice for top Pierid, but each to their own. This one does it for me! It would definitely make the top three if I was forced to choose my favourite European butterflies. I plan to go back one day and revisit...
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by Roger Gibbons »

I will settle for 8 Pierids, not that they lack appeal, but because only a few are rare in France.

No.8 Mountain Dappled White (Euchloe simplonia)
I always have respect for any high altitude species, enduring difficult conditions often with one or more days too overcast or wet too fly, and with a short flight period. The upperside shot is a courting pair, the male on the left and the more diffuse female on the right. The underside is a female.
Euchloe simplonia_36217W.JPG
Euchloe simplonia_36076W.JPG
No. 7 Southern Small White (Pieris mannii)
Not particularly rare in the south of France and often flies in company with its more common (but not that common) cousin, the Small White (P. rapae). Somehow it seems more attractively marked than rapae, but rarity can influence how they are viewed. If only Peacocks were rare… These two photos are males.
Pieris mannii_07987W.JPG
Pieris mannii_17921W.JPG
No. 6 Moorland Clouded Yellow (Colias palaeno)
A high altitude species, not very common at all in the Hautes Alpes, but encountered much more frequently further north in Savoie. It is quite easy to identify in flight as the black borders are well defined (as compared to the main alternative at altitude, Mountain Clouded Yellow (C. phicomone) whose borders are much more diffuse). As with several other Colias species, the male is yellow and the female white. These are one of each.
Colias palaeno_12238W.JPG
Colias palaeno_17556W.JPG
No. 5 Provence Orange Tip (Anthocharis euphenoides)
OK, not rare at all (it would be top of the list if it were), but it has a unique charm. Even the females, which outshine their more common cousin. The males are, I find, particularly difficult to photograph with open wings, as they fly almost ceaselessly in search of females. The photos are a male, a female, and a mating pair. The photo of the male was taken at La Roquebrussanne in the company of Kip and Rogerdodge when the weather clouded over and this male opened its wings to get the few rays of sunshine. It was their holiday and therefore their first shot, and I just caught it before it flew off, hence the rather strange angle. The female is slightly unusual – but nonetheless appealing - in that the orange patches reach the discoidal spot.
Anthocharis euphenoides_24400W.JPG
Anthocharis euphenoides_00475W.JPG
Anthocharis euphenoides_09769W.JPG
It’s probably not difficult to guess what Nos. 1-4 will be.
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by petesmith »

Roger - I am glad that you included palaeno and euphenoides - two species that it pained me to leave out of my top ten.
I am going to hazard a guess at your top 4, but I shall email my guesses so as not to steal your thunder.
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by David M »

petesmith wrote: Sat May 16, 2020 8:39 am First place - Canary Islands Large White...So there you have it. Maybe an unusual choice for top Pierid, but each to their own. This one does it for me! It would definitely make the top three if I was forced to choose my favourite European butterflies. I plan to go back one day and revisit...
Certainly not what I was expecting, Pete, so in that sense 'unusual' it is, but reading your prose and looking at the images (of both butterfly and habitat) I fully concur that the overall experience is worthy of a #1 slot!

I doubt many of the rest of us have had the pleasure of seeing this species in the flesh, so it's nice to look at your images of a remarkably striking Pierid in a location well off the beaten track. :)
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by Roger Gibbons »

Here are Nos 1-4. No great surprise. Pete has already emailed me and guessed correctly.

No.4 Peak White (Pontia callidice)
A very high altitude specialist. If you see something white flying quickly at 2300m or above, it is likely to be callidice, even though you may not get to see it land. I haven’t, as has been noted, ever seen a female. But the females of the high altitude species tend to stay close to the larval hostplants, so tend to be concentrated in those areas. Not only is callidice a hardy species, it is also delicately marked on the upperside and has a very distinctive underside with characteristic sagittate marks. This is a male upperside and underside.
Pontia callidice_43977W.JPG
Pontia callidice_30705W.JPG
No. 3 Portuguese Dappled White (Euchloe tagis)
A very localised species in France, another Iberian overspill. I have seen one, courtesy of Matt R, who researched a location in Var and netted one in flight that he was sure was tagis. I would still be looking. We went back to that same site a few years ago, a spot far removed from civilisation, and found some strange artifacts that looked as if they had to be left out of the Blair Witch Project on account of being too scary. Tagis may still be there. We didn’t stay to find out.
Euchloe tagis_09726W.JPG
No. 2 Mountain Small White (P. ergane)
Very threatened in France, but not elsewhere. It seems to be limited, in company with Spanish Fritillary, to the Clarée Valley in the western Alps and areas of the eastern Pyrenees. In fact, it has probably disappeared from the Clarée valley. I was very lucky to find it in the eastern Pyrenees, courtesy of a good French friend. There were a few males that were flying up and down the rocky scree, but an approaching storm and cool wind brought them down to ground level where they nectared briefly on Scabious swaying in the breeze. No complaints from me, though. It is very similar to the Small White but does not have a black spot on the underside of the forewing. Yes, I could have just photographed a Small White and photoshopped out the black spot. It may be hard to imagine why this was an exciting find for me, and why Pete was thrilled to travel halfway across the Atlantic to see a Cabbage White, but the rare species hold a thrill of their own. This one is a male.
Pieris ergane_46237W.JPG
No. 1 Eastern Wood White (Leptidea duponcheli)
The first brood has this very distinctive underside hindwing, unmistakable when you see it, even though it flies in company with sinapis. It is quite localised but not particularly rare in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. It does fly in Var but I have never seen it there, and we have made several trips to historic locations, including one where, for some reason that sounded good at the time, we decided to get there at 8am. This is high up on my list of expensive forays. I had hoped to revisit the site in July for the second brood, which does not have these markings, but that is looking increasing unlikely at the moment.
Leptidea duponcheli_40438W.JPG
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by Medard »

Wood White (Leptidea sinapis) this is a  rare butterfly in the UK, I saw my first in the Brenne on a birding visit. Maybe because of its weak flight it did not excite me at all, since then I have grown to like this unasuming little butterfly.common across France.
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Cleopatra (Gonepteryx cleopatra) Cleopatra certainly did excite me, a spectacular colourful butterfly similar in size to the Brimstone, it eluded me for several years but I finally caught up with  Cleopatra in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence where these photos were taken.
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis)
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea)  needs no introduction, well known to all,  a migrant visitor to the UK, I even had one visit my home paddock here in Somerset
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea)<br />Réserve Moëze-Oléron
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea)
Réserve Moëze-Oléron
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea)<br />Réserve Moëze-Oléron
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea)
Réserve Moëze-Oléron
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea)<br />Réserve Moëze-Oléron
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea)
Réserve Moëze-Oléron
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea) Somerset.
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea) Somerset.
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea)
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea)
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea)
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea)
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by petesmith »

Jim, I particularly like your open winged shots of the male Clouded Yellows - something have never managed to capture effectively - lovely!
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by David M »

petesmith wrote: Sun May 17, 2020 9:47 am Jim, I particularly like your open winged shots of the male Clouded Yellows - something have never managed to capture effectively - lovely!
Agreed, and I should add that the open winged Cleopatra images are pretty impressive too!
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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by Padfield »

Lots of species being posted here that I've yet to see. Bazae is a real coup! I need to try a lot harder on the Pierid front ...

The nerd in me ( :D ) is obliged to point out that Zegris eupheme doesn't fly west of Turkey, and that the Spanish and Moroccan species is meridionalis. I don't think this is controversial, just relatively recently established. It also adds to the cachet of seeing an increasingly scarce butterfly.

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Re: Top Ten Pierids of Europe

Post by petesmith »

Padfield wrote: Sun May 17, 2020 2:10 pm Lots of species being posted here that I've yet to see. Bazae is a real coup! I need to try a lot harder on the Pierid front ...

The nerd in me ( :D ) is obliged to point out that Zegris eupheme doesn't fly west of Turkey, and that the Spanish and Moroccan species is meridionalis. I don't think this is controversial, just relatively recently established. It also adds to the cachet of seeing an increasingly scarce butterfly.

Guy
Guy - the nerd in you is much appreciated! :D
I have my life-list catalogued on a copy of the "Updated checklist of European Butterflies.xls" that is currently on the Butterfly Conservation European Butterfly Group website. It is dated 1st May 2019, but is clearly out of date in this instance.

Many thanks for the correction.
And yes, bazae was certainly a quite unforgettable experience!
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