Two from the E Midlands, July

[dragnil]

Hello again. I saw a couple of butterflies the other day and am seeking either confirmation or correction please. It's more likely to be the latter because I still find the sheer numbers in the Collins guide intimidating.

The thing I noticed about the first one was that it appeared to be very small but I'm sticking my neck out and thinking it's a Gatekeeper.

I'm sorry the second one isn't sharp but I hope it's clear enough for an ident. To see them joined at the abdomen and flying was quite alarming - they hardly seemed to be in controlled flight. I'm hazarding a shot at Ringlet for the happy couple.
Edit: Added a third:

Is this a Painted Lady?
If I'm way off may I ask for the identification clues to look for in the future - thanks.
David

[Nigel P]

Hi David,

Keep sticking your neck out, I agree with all of your IDs.

Best,
Nigel

[dragnil]

Wow, that's a first for me! Thanks, Nigel.